变形观测数据处理系统的开发与研究

Microsoft Excel是世界上功能强大、技术先进、使用最方便的电子表格软件之一,变形观测是现阶段建设工程监督的重点.利用Excel软件对变形观测数据进行分析、处理、绘图.     

Experimental study of unidirectional irregular wave slamming on the three-dimensional structure in the splash zone

The experimental investigation of unidirectional random wave slamming on the three-dimensional structure in the splash zone is presented. The experiment is conducted in the marine environment channel in the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology. The test wave is unidirectional irregular wave. The experiments are carried out with perpendicular random waves (β=0°) and oblique random waves (β=15°, 30°, 45°), the significant wave heights H_1/3 ranging from 7.5 to 20 cm with 2.5 cm increment, the peak wave periods T_p ranging from 0.75 to 2.0 s with 0.25 s increment, and the clearance of the model with respect to the significant wave height s/H_1/3 ranging from 0.0 to 0.5 with 0.1 increment. The statistical analysis results of different test cases are presented. The statistical distribution characteristics of the perpendicular irregular wave impact pressures are compared with that of the oblique irregular wave on the underside of the structure. The effect of the wave direction β on the wave impact forces on the underside of the structure is determined. The relation between the impact forces and the parameters such as the significant wave height, the relative structure width and the relative clearance of the structure is also discussed.     

ON CHANGES OF CHINA'S MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURES IN 1951——1990

Based on China's observational data in 1951-1990,after minimizing the possible biasescaused by station relocation and urban heat island,the spatial and temporal distributions of trendsfor maximum and minimum temperatures are studied.The results show that increasing trends ofmaximum temperatures are in the areas west to 95°E,and north to the Huanghe(Yellow)River,while decreasing trends exist in eastern China south to the Yellow River.Minimum temperaturesare generally increasing throughout China,with dominant warming trends at the higher latitudes.This resulted in very obvious decreasing trends in diurnal temperature ranges.The periodic cycles are consistent between the maximum and minimum temperatures,butasymmetric trends are very obvious.The significant increase of minimum(nighttime)temperaturesreflects the evidence of enhancement of greenhouse effect.Further analysis shows that the changesof maximum and minimum temperatures are mainly related to sunshine duration and atmosphericwater vapor content.     

湖北省郧县恐龙化石分布地区古地磁学初步研究

湖北郧县梅铺－带晚白垩世地层以盛产恐龙化石闻名于国内外，在大量地质工作研究的基础上进行了古地磁学研究，给出了该区的古应力方向，为该区建立国家地质公园和地质科学考察研究中心、地学科普教育基地提供了基础参考数据。     

对阿尔金断裂科学问题的再认识

据近年内阿尔金断裂研究的进展阐述了应深入解决的4个科学问题及其研究思路:1)阿尔金大型走滑断裂何时发生?变形年代学研究证明阿尔金断裂初始走滑的年龄在89～97 Ma,即从晚中生代-早新生代才开始出现;2)运动学研究包括隆升与走滑两个方面,需要进行大比例尺度的构造研究和变形组构研究,尤其是断裂两盘错距的确定,必须找准被断裂错移的同一构造-岩相带的界线;3)阿尔金断裂的划分意义,它的延伸和规模及对中国西部以及中亚大陆构造格架的影响;4)阿尔金断裂对两侧盆地沉积-构造演化的控制和影响.解决上述4个科学问题,对于重新认识中国西部大陆构造格架、中国西部成矿带的展布及对中国西部找油的战略评估都具有非常重要的意义.     

应用探地雷达技术检测隧道衬砌质量

介绍了应用探地雷达检测隧道衬砌质量的原理及技术,阐述了该技术的基本方法及其数据图像处理过程。老木峪隧道衬砌质量检测结果表明,应用探地雷达技术检测隧道衬砌效果良好,其衬砌厚度检测误差在 5 %之内,并能准确检测出衬砌内布筋数量,对回填层密实程度也可作出粗略估计。     

Devonian Frasnian-Famennian Transitional Milankovitch Cycles and High-Resolution Stratigraphic Correlation

Four hierarchical cyclothems, superbundlesets, bundlesets, bundles and laminae, have been identified from the Devonian Frasnian-Famennian carbonate strata in Guangxi, South China. Their hierarchical structures, ratio relationships and sequence in conodont zones are continuous and stable and can be traced across different facies zones and sedimentary basins. Our data show that hierarchically organized superbundlesets, bundlesets, bundles and laminae correspond to the long eccentricity, eccentricity, obliquity or precession and sub-Milankovitch cycles respectively. Their periods were 400,000, 100,000, 33,333, 16,667 and 8,000-17,000 a, respectively. The ratios of long eccentricity to eccentricity, eccentricity to obliquity, and eccentricity to precession in the Devonian are 1:4, 1:3 and 1:6 respectively. Using these hierarchical Milankovitch cyclothems, chronostratigraphical division and correlation can be realized at a resolution of 100 ka or 10 ka at the Frasnian-Famennian transition. The time intervals     

河西内陆河地表水与地下水转化及水资源利用率研究

河西内陆河水资源产生于祁连山区 ,河流出山以后依次穿越山前洪积扇、走廊南部盆地、北部盆地 ,最后进入尾闾湖 .由于山前洪积扇、南北盆地及河床具有良好的通透性和巨大的蓄水能力使地表水易于转化为地下水 ,出山水量的很大一部分渗入地下避免无效蒸散损耗 ;同时由于特殊的串珠状水文地质盆地构造 ,水资源具有同源性和多次转化特点 ,使水资源的利用率大大提高 .研究表明 ,1999年河西水资源总量为 6 3 79× 10 8m3 ,其中 ,地表水资源量为 5 8 36× 10 8m3 ,地下水资源量为 5 6 39× 10 5m3 ,地表水与地下水重复计算量高达 5 0 96× 10 5m3 .三个流域水资源利用率达到 6 1 4%～ 2 11%     

STUDY ON DYNAMICS OF TROPICAL CISK-ROSSBY WAVES AND MECHANISM OF 30-50 DAY OSCILLATIONS

To add to the growing mature research on the tropical 30-50 day oscillations from a new prospective, the current work bases on dynamic analysis of baroclinic quasi-geostrophic models to discuss dynamic mechanisms for the generation and propagation of CISK-Rossby waves, and to understand restraints and effects of different wave structures and thermodynamic forcing on the 30-50 day oscillations in the tropical atmosphere. Some important properties of the oscillation propagation have been explained and, in detail, with respect to its meridional propagation and vertical “baroclinic” structure. The work has come up with some new opinions and viewpoints. New opinions about the propagation and energy dispersion are to be proved by more observations and study.     

SST THERMAL FORCING – A DISCUSSION ON THE MECHANISM OF ATMOSPHERIC LOW-FREQUENCY OSCILLATION

Dynamic and numerical methods are used to discuss the atmospheric response to SST thermal forcing. The results show that for planetary scale systems, the standing SST thermal forcing can quickly excite a stable atmospheric equilibrium state response, which is characterized by obvious large-scale teleconnection oscillation in east-west and south-north directions. For synoptic scale systems, the SST thermal forcing mainly excites the atmospheric low-frequency oscillation. Some basic relation and dynamic processes between SST thermal forcing and atmospheric response pattern are revealed and some new viewpoints are presented.